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Insulin: NPH

What is NPH insulin?

NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) insulin is an injectable medication used in cats, dogs, birds, ferrets, and horses with diabetes mellitus. It is used to lower blood sugar levels and for long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes mellitus.

This medication is used “off label” or “extra label”. Many drugs are commonly prescribed for off-label use in veterinary medicine. In these instances, follow your veterinarian’s directions and cautions very carefully.

How do I give my pet NPH insulin?

NPH insulin comes in injectable form (vial and injection pen).

What if I miss giving my pet the medication?

A single missed dose can cause temporary signs, but it is usually not life-threatening. Contact your veterinarian as soon as possible for advice on when to give your animal’s next dose. Never double-up on doses as this will cause an overdose. If your veterinarian cannot be reached and your animal is eating and acting normally, give your animal the usual dose at the next regularly scheduled time.

Are there any potential side effects from NPH insulin?

NPH insulin may cause the following side effects:

The following reactions are rare, but if they occur, contact your veterinarian immediately:

Drug sensitivities can develop over time with repeated exposure. Your pet may have no reaction after the first few doses but may develop a sensitivity later. It is important to watch for signs of an allergic reaction over the entire course of treatment.

Other side effects may occur. If you notice anything unusual, contact your veterinarian immediately. This intermediate-acting insulin lasts for 6–12 hours.

Are there any risk factors for this medication?

This medication should be AVOIDED in animals who:

If you suspect your pet’s blood sugar level is low, contact your veterinarian immediately. Hypoglycemia is a potentially fatal emergency.

Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?

Certain medications should be USED WITH CAUTION when given with lente insulin, including:

Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications (including vitamins, supplements, or herbal therapies) that your pet is taking before starting any new treatment.

Is there any monitoring that needs to be done with this medication?

How do I store NPH insulin?

What should I do in case of emergency?

If you suspect an overdose or an adverse reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility.

© Copyright 2025 LifeLearn Inc. Used and/or modified with permission under license. This content written by LifeLearn Animal Health (LifeLearn Inc.) is licensed to this practice for the personal use of our clients. Any copying, printing or further distribution is prohibited without the express written consent of LifeLearn. This content does not contain all available information for any referenced medications and has not been reviewed by the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine, or Health Canada Veterinary Drugs Directorate. This content may help answer commonly asked questions, but is not a substitute for medical advice, or a proper consultation and/or clinical examination of your pet by a veterinarian. Please contact your veterinarian if you have any questions or concerns about your pet’s health. Created on Jun 19, 2024.

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